A Study on Mapping Out Alliance Between Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sustained economic growth is a trance of all the developing and developed countries of the world. The need isnot just a fetch of economic growth rather is a realization of a fact that the why some economies that receiveheavy amount of foreign capital inflows in term of foreign direct investment (FDI) still find hard to capture theeconomic growth targets. This research captures for the state of the position of economic growth in terms of FDIand other internal factors in Pakistan. The study is based on the time series analysis covering the range of datafrom 1972 to 2014. Johansen Juselius technique of co-integration is employed for the precise statistical findings.Unit root test is computed in terms of Augmented Dickey Fuller Test (ADF). Granger Causality test and ErrorCorrection Model (ECM) is employed to test for the short-run and long-run relationships and causality betweenthe variables selected in the equation of growth. The results of the study show that FDI and GDP possesspositive association in short-run as well as in long-run. Unidirectional causality is also found on account of FDIand GDP. The study suggests that the government of Pakistan is to further pave off the ways that it alreadypractices to attract FDI that is prerequisite for sovereign upcoming scenery of the country.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".