Geology and Wine 6. Terroir of the Red Mountain Appellation, Central Washington State, U.S.A.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Red Mountain is the newest of five appellations in Washington State and like the majority of Washington vineyards its terroir is influenced by 1) the rain shadow effect and volcanic tephra of the Cascade Mountain Range, 2) soils derived from Quaternary glacial sediments and wind-blown loess overlying Miocene basalt, and 3) a warm, dry climate with abundant sunshine and cool nights due to high latitude (N 46e) and topography. Variations of rooting depth, textures, calcium carbonate content, and other properties of vineyard soils are directly influenced by Quaternary glacial flood deposits in the back-eddy of Red Mountain and by the variable nature of the loess and dune cover on the flood deposits. This is the first demonstration of the effect of paleohydrology on vineyard site characteristics. In the past two years, wines made from Red Mountain grapes have received nine scores of > 94 out of 100 in independent blind tastings and merlot wine made from Red Mountain grapes has been ranked as the best in the United States for each of the past two years by two different national wine magazines. Red Mountain is one of the warmest and driest viticultural sites in Washington State, having heat summation (growing degree days) and total sunshine similar to Napa Valley, California which is 1000 km farther south. Other wine regions that have been influenced by the worldwide glacial processes that were so important in the development of Washington vineyards include the gravel mounds that underlie most of the first growth vineyards of Graves-Medoc, Bordeaux, France and some of the outwash gravel plains of New Zealand. Resume L'appellation Red Mountain est la plus recente des cinq appellations de l'Etat de Washington et, comme c'est le cas pour la plupart des vignobles de l'Etat de Washington, son terroir depend 1) de l'effet parapluie de la chaine des monts Cascade et de ses cendres volcaniques, 2) des sols derives des sediments glaciaires quaternaires et des loess eoliens recouvrant le basalte miocene et, 3) d'un climat chaud et sec avec un fort ensoleillement, avec des nuits fraiches dues a la latitude (N 46°) et a la topographie. Les variations de la profondeur d'enracinement, de texture, de contenu en carbonate de calcium et d'autres proprietes pedologiques des vignobles varient selon le patron de depot des alluvions glaciaires quaternaires par ecoulement tourbillonnaire de Red Mountain et de la variation de composition du loess et de la couverture des dunes des depots alluvionnaires. Cela constitue la premiere demonstration des effets paleohydrologiques sur les proprietes des sites vinicoles. Au cours des deux dernieres annees, les vins des raisins de Red Mountain ont recu neuf cotes de plus de 94% lors de degustation anonyme, et les vins merlots provenant de raisins de Red Mountain ont ete juges les meilleurs aux USA pour chacune des deux dernieres annees, par deux revues specialisees d'envergure nationale. La region de Red Mountain constitue l'un des sites viticoles les plus chauds et les plus secs de l'Etat de Washington, possedant un bilan thermique (degre-jour de croissance) et un ensoleillement comparable a ceux de la valleede Napa en Californie, laquelle est situee a 1 000 km plus au sud. Parmi d'autres regions ayant subi l'influence de processus glaciairemondiaux et qui se sont averes si determinant dans le developpement des vignobles de l'Etat de Washington, on retrouve celle des collines graveleuses constituant le lieux de croissance de la plupart des vignobles de premiere generation de Graves-Medoc de la region de Bordeaux en France, et d'autres sur des plaines d'alluvions en Nouvelle-Zelande.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".