Myostatin as a Putative Downstream Gene Target of Calcineurin Signaling Associated with Muscle Growth Remodeling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Myostatin (Mstn) is a TGFβ family growth factor that negatively regulates skeletal muscle growth with its inhibition shown to cause marked increases in muscle size. We investigated a plausible role for calcineurin (Cn), a Ca2+/calmodulin‐regulated phosphatase implicated in compensatory growth remodeling, in the regulation of Mstn using transgenic approaches that induced either constitutive activation or interference of Cn signaling. Mstn mRNA levels were lower in the muscles of transgenic mice displaying compromised Cn activity and higher in transgenic mice with enhanced Cn activity compared to wild‐type mice. Chronic administration of pharmacological Cn inhibitors CsA or FK506 to mice resulted in lower muscle Mstn mRNA levels. RT‐PCR revealed higher muscle mRNA expression of CnA β and γ isoforms in Mstn−/− mice perhaps as a compensatory response. Immunoflorescence labeling of muscle cross‐sections showed more intense fiber decorating of the Cn target transcription factor NFATc1 in Mstn−/− mice compared to wild‐type controls. These results suggest that myostatin may be a downstream target gene of Cn signaling in a manner associated with muscle growth remodeling and may itself regulate levels of Cn expression. (Funded by NSERC, CIHR and CRC to RNM)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".