Importance of CO<sub>2</sub> evasion from small boreal streams
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Boreal lakes are known to be supersaturated with CO2 and to be significant sources of CO2 to the atmosphere. In this study it is shown that small boreal streams are relatively more supersaturated with CO2 and also represent an important source of CO2 evasion to the atmosphere from boreal catchments. Small boreal streams account for an annual (ice‐free seasons) average of 8.0% and a seasonal high of 34.4% of the total CO2 evaded from streams and lakes. A seasonal pattern is found, with evasion from streams being greatest during the summer and least during the spring. The evasion of CO2 by small boreal streams represents 77% of the total CO2 and 36% of the total organic carbon and total inorganic carbon exported by the streams from the catchments to the lakes. Knowledge of this important transfer and loss mechanism for CO2 will allow for more accurate modeling of boreal catchment C budgets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".