Uptake of Gas-Phase Nitric Acid by Water-Ice Surfaces
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
area of exposed ice glass insert coated with ice CIMS region; SF6, NO3 Introduction Nitric acid is mainly removed from the troposphere by wet or dry deposition. In colder regions such as the upper troposphere nitric acid can also be scavenged by cirrus ice particles. Surface coverage of condensed phase HNO3 of (0.1 – 1) × 1014 molecule/cm2 has been found in the upper troposphere (Gao et al., 2004, Kondo et al., 2003, Meilinger et al., 1999, Weinheimer et al., 1998). There are still several discrepancies between reported field data and laboratory studies. A possible explanation for this can be the higher partial pressures of HNO3 used in laboratory studies compared to mixing ratios found in the upper troposphere. In this study uptake experiments were conducted with a coated-wall flow tube coupled to a chemicalionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) at temperatures between 202 and 240 K. Nitric acid uptake was measured on smooth water-ice films. Surface coverage (Θ) in molecule/cm2 is presented for HNO3 at partial pressures between 5 × 10-9 and 2 × 10-6 Torr. These are, to our knowledge, the lowest partial pressures yet to be studied in laboratory studies of uptake of nitric acid on ice. The uptake is well represented by a non-dissociative Langmuir isotherm from which the enthalpy of adsorption is estimated.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it