Double-crested cormorant satellite telemetry: preliminary insight
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Migratory paths of North American waterbirds have traditionally been evaluated by relocating birds banded as nestlings. Although over 8,000 banded Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) have been recovered in North America since 1923, the movements of wintering and breeding cormorants remain poorly understood. We initiated a satellite telemetry study to determine the annual and regional distributions of 25 cormorants (in each of two study years) captured near primary aquaculture areas in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Preliminary data suggest that cormorants generally remained near aquaculture facilities where they were captured, marked, and released. Two cormorants, however, emigrated from primary aquaculture areas prior to their spring (northward) migrations. In addition to impacts to southeastern aquaculture, cormorants may also negatively impact other fisheries, including those in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Localized breeding-colony control activities were implemented in eastern Lake Ontario in 1999 to reduce these impacts. We began a second, 2-year satellite telemetry study (n = 25 per year) to determine cormorant emigration, reproductive success, nest-site fidelity, and site-specific foraging distribution following control activities at Little Galloo Island in western New York. Preliminary data suggest that cormorants remained near the breeding colony from May-September 2000. Two groups did, however, emigrate from Little Galloo Island in July and were observed near Montreal and Oneida Lake. When completed, these studies will collectively provide abiological basis for the management of cormorant impacts to commercial and recreational fisheries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".