Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Organotin(IV) Complexes featuring di-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamate and N-methylbutyldithiocarbamate as Ligands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Organotin(IV) compounds have received tremendous attention for their synthesis, characterization and biological activities and their ability to bind with sulfur ligand such as dithiocarbamate ligand. Organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate complexes can be synthesized by the reaction of carbon disulphide with secondary amine. Four new organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate complexes were successfully synthesized by the reactions between di-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamate, C16H34NCS2 and N-methylbutyldithiocarbamate, C5H12NCS2 with dibutyltin(IV) dichloride and triphenyltin(IV) chloride, RxSnClx (R = Bu, Ph) and (x = 1, 2 or 3). These series of complexes were synthesized using “in situ” insertion method and characterized by determination of melting point, CHNS elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The melting points of the synthesized compounds were in the range 88.3 - 128.4 °C. The experimental CHNS data of the compounds, mostly exhibit the calculated CHNS values. Using infrared spectra (FT-IR), the formation of organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate complexes were confirmed by the presence of v(C=N+) at 1464 - 1497 cm-1, v(C-S) at 963 - 1025 cm-1 and v(Sn-S) at 412 - 445 cm-1 in all complexes. Besides that, the UV-vis analysis showed the peaks chromophore of N=C within range 259 - 260 nm, nonbonding electron on sulphur and charges transferred between the tin metal and ligand (M-L). Using TGA analysis, complex 1 and 3 show two degradation curve but complex 2 and 4 shows only one degradation curves. The antibacterial activity of all synthesized organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate complexes were then determined towards four types of bacterial strains which were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thypi and Bacillus cereus. Penicillin was used as positive control and streptomycin as negative control in order to compare diameter of inhibition zone between both controls and complexes. From antibacterial test, almost all synthesized complexes were found to give positive results. Thus, it can be concluded that the complexes formed do have applications in biological and medical aspects.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".