223 DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERN OF SMALL (1–3 mm) ANTRALFOLLICLES IN THE BOVINE OVARY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Knowledge about the developmental pattern of small follicles (<4 mm) will be crucial to understanding the endogenous control of folliculogenesis and to developing methods to control it for clinical purposes. This study was designed to characterize the developmental pattern of 1–3 mm follicles and to determine, retrospectively, the stage at which the future dominant follicle first attains a size advantage among follicles in the cohort. In Experiment 1, the ovaries of Hereford-cross heifers (n = 18) were examined daily by high resolution transrectal ultrasonography for one natural interovulatory interval to evaluate changes in the number of 1–3-mm follicles in relation to the wave pattern of follicles =4 mm. Interovulatory interval was divided into 2- and 3-wave based on number of waves exhibited by heifers. In Experiment 2, the ovaries of Hereford-cross cows (n = 9) were examined every 6 h from Day 5 to Day 13 (Day 0 = ovulation) to monitor precisely the diameter changes of individual follicles =1 mm during emergence of the second follicular wave. Data were analyzed by Proc. Mixed procedure for repeated measures (Littell RC et al., 2000 Stat in med 19, 1793–1819) in the Statistical Analysis System software package (SAS version 8.2 for MS Windows;; 2002 SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA). Results of Experiment 1 revealed a day effect (P < 0.05) on the number of small (1–3 mm) follicles, with a peak (P < 0.05) 1 or 2 days before wave emergence (defined as the day the dominant follicle was first detected at 4 mm), followed 3 to 4 days later by a peak (P < 0.05) in the number of large follicles (=4 mm). There was an inverse relationship between the number of small and large follicles during Wave 1 (r = -0.66; P = 0.05) and Wave 2 (r = -0.62; P = 0.04) in 2-wave interovulatory intervals. Similarly, an inverse relation was detected between the number of small and large follicles for Wave 1 (r = -0.79; P = 0.01) and Wave 3 (r = -0.90; P < 0.01) but not for Wave 2 (r = -0.57; P = 0.14) in 3-wave interovulatory intervals. The number of 1–3-mm follicles detected in anovulatory waves did not differ (P = 0.53) between 2- versus 3-wave interovulatory intervals;; however, a difference (P < 0.05) was observed between anovulatory and ovulatory waves in 3-wave interovulatory intervals but not (P = 0.63) in 2-wave interovulatory intervals. Experiment 2 permitted the identification of the future dominant follicle at a diameter of 1 mm and its emergence at 6–12 h earlier than the largest subordinate follicle (P < 0.01). Emergence of the future dominant (r = 0.71; P = 0.05) and 1st subordinate (r = 0.78; P = 0.02) follicles was temporally associated with a wave-eliciting rise in circulating concentrations of FSH. Growth rate of the dominant and the 1st subordinate follicle differed (P < 0.01) from 2nd subordinate follicle at 84 h after their detection at 1 mm. It was concluded that small antral follicles (1–3 mm) develop in a wave-like manner, and apparent selection of the dominant follicle was manifest much earlier than previously documented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".