Dust Evolution of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 After the Deep Impact Encounter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deep Impact is the first planetary mission to carry out direct experimentation on a cometary body. Comets represent the most pristine accessible remnants of Solar System formation. However, over time, the exterior mantle of these objects has been highly altered by orbit induced solar insulation fluctuations. Ground, space, and in-situ observations have not been able to easily determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the primordial material. The Deep Impact mission delivered a 360-kg impactor to comet 9P/Tempel 1 at 10.2 km/s on UT July 4, 2005. The impact removed the evolved material and excavated into the pristine interior. This event released dust and volatiles that may be observable for many weeks after impact. Some of the ejecta may be slow-moving determination may be possible. We will present wide-field Rand I-band images of comet 9P/Tempel 1, taken with the MegaCam CCD (FOV 1 degree square) on the 3.6-m Canada-FranceHawaii Telescope on Mauna Kea. Our observations on UT July 3-6, 2005 covered the night prior to impact to ensure that we have data for the preimpact dust environment. The two nights following impact allowed us to monitor the inner coma for changes in the grain size and color induced by creating a new active area on the nucleus. The scientific questions that this presentation will address are: How does the post-impact dust differ from the pre-impact dust? Is there any compositional difference between surface and subsurface grains? Does surface mantling change this?
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".