From Peruvian Guano to Electronic Records: Canadian E-Discovery and Records Professionals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The exponential growth of electronic records has led archivists and records managers to develop ever more sophisticated approaches to manage and preserve these records, not only to support an organization’s daily operations but to alleviate the records retrieval burden in the event that the organization encounters litigation. The electronic discovery process has added additional pressure to the responsibilities of records professionals by holding organizations accountable for the documentation they disclose as well as that which they cannot produce. In North America, American court rulings on e-discovery issues have largely overshadowed those in Canada. This article provides a historical perspective of the emergence of e-discovery in Canada, and discusses the relationship records professionals have with numerous Canadian judicial decisions and the discovery process. RÉSUMÉ L’augmentation exponentielle des documents numériques a mené les archivistes et les gestionnaires de documents à développer des approches de plus en plus sophistiquées pour gérer et conserver ces documents, non seulement pour appuyer les opérations quotidiennes d’une organisation, mais aussi pour faciliter le repérage de ces documents dans l’éventualité d’un procès. Le processus d’administration de la preuve électronique a ajouté des nouvelles pressions aux responsabilités des professionnels de l’information, puisque les organisations sont tenues responsables des documents qu’elles rendent disponibles aussi bien que de ceux qu’elles ne peuvent pas fournir. En Amérique du Nord, les décisions des tribunaux américains par rapport aux questions de l’administration de la preuve électronique ont grandement éclipsé celles des tribunaux canadiens. Cet article fournit une perspective historique de l’émergence de l’administration de la preuve électronique au Canada et commente des liens entre les professionnels de l’information et les nombreuses décisions judiciaires canadiennes, de même qu’avec le processus d’administration de la preuve électronique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".