Shear‐wave splitting observations in the lower Great Lakes region: Evidence for regional anisotropic domains and keel‐modified asthenospheric flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fast‐axis directions obtained from shear‐wave splitting analysis of core‐refracted shear waves reveal several distinct anisotropic domains in the lower Great Lakes region. We used data from 27 broadband seismograph stations extending across a low‐velocity anomaly in the lithospheric mantle. Observed splitting times vary from 0.4 to 1.4 s, with a mean of 0.7 s. A subset of the splitting vectors across a failed rift are oriented parallel to one arm of the rift zone; most others show a coherent pattern of fast directions close to the direction of plate motion, but oblique to surface tectonic belts. Within the area of the low‐velocity anomaly, our observations are most simply explained by single‐layer anisotropy induced by asthenospheric flow. Spatial variability in the direction and magnitude of splitting are consistent with a flow regime influenced by basal topology of the lithospheric keel.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".