Uncertainty Principle Consequences at Thermal Equilibrium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3H6(Dated: January 8, 2014)Contrary to the conventional wisdom that deviations from standard thermodynamics originatefrom the strong coupling to the bath, it is shown that these deviations are intimately linked to thepower spectrum of the thermal bath. Speci cally, it is shown that the lower bound of the dispersionof the total energy of the system, imposed by the uncertainty principle, is dominated by the bathpower spectrum and therefore, quantum mechanics inhibits the system thermal-equilibrium-statefrom being described by the canonical Boltzmann’s distribution. This is in sharp contrast to theclassical case, for which the thermal equilibrium distribution of a system interacting via centralforces with pairwise-self-interacting environment, irrespective of the interaction strength, is shown tobe exactly characterized by the canonical Boltzmann distribution. As a consequence of this analysis,we de ne an e ective coupling to the environment that depends on all energy scales in the systemand reservoir interaction. Sample computations in regimes predicted by this e ective coupling aredemonstrated. For example, for the case of strong e ective coupling, deviations from standardthermodynamics are present and, for the case of weak e ective coupling, quantum features such asstationary entanglement are possible at high temperatures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".