Effects of water salinity, electric stress and temperature on the hydrophobicity of polytetrafluoroethylene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is widely employed in electrical insulation systems, which demands a high stability against degradation due to the effects of salinity and oxidation in the presence of moisture. PTFE can be used at high temperatures up to 250/spl deg/C. In this paper a study on the loss of hydrophobicity of PTFE in the presence of moisture, different sailinities and temperatures is reported. The hydrophobicity is a property of the surface, which gives indication of the degree of resistance to the formation of a continuous film of water. The loss of hydrophobicity is due to the degradation of the material in wet and polluted conditions. PTFE specimens were immersed in saline solutions where the conductivity was varied from 5 /spl mu/S/cm to 100 mS/cm. The temperature of the solutions were 23/spl plusmn/2, 44/spl plusmn/2 and 73/spl plusmn/2/spl deg/C. The loss of hydrophobicity was measured by determining the contact angle of a droplet of distilled water on the PTFE surface. It was observed that the decrease in the contact angle depended on the combined stress of salinity, temperature and duration of immersion. The influence of a radio frequency (RF) discharge and dc stress on the loss of hydrophobicity was studied. The increase in the weight and the change in the surface roughness and their correlation with hydrophobicity of the specimens are also reported.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".