The Translation Techniques of Chinese Union Version --From the Perspective of Skopos Theory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the development of modernization and opening up and reform policy, Christianity has the opportunity to prosper in China. Holy Bible, the sacred scripture of Christianity, is one of the brilliant crystals of western culture. As a predominant translated work, Chinese Union Version (CUV) is widely spread in Christians and its publication marks the forerunner of vernacular campaign, which sets an example for the replacement of classical Chinese. CUV has been popularized extensively and intensively in China, which is closely related to its high quality of translation and techniques. Three rules of Skopos theory, including Skopos rule, coherence rule and fidelity rule are applied in the paper to prove that the three rules of Skopos theory should be taken into account when analyzing translation techniques of CUV. Fidelity rule is discussed first in a broader perspective, conforming to its feature of faithfulness. As a result, literal translation dominates the whole translational process. In addition, the specific techniques are concluded based on Skopos rule level and coherence rule level. The techniques of CUV translation include: diction, repetition, conversion, inversion and amplification.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".