Controls for trout and char migratory/resident behaviour mainly in stream systems above and below waterfalls/barriers: a multidecadal and broad geographical review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Northcote TG. Controls for trout and char migratory/resident behaviour mainly in stream systems above and below waterfalls/barriers: a multidecadal and broad geographical review. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 487–509. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Controls for trout and char migratory and resident behaviour in rivers and streams for above and below natural and man‐made waterfalls/barriers are covered in a multi‐decadal (1950–2000) and wide geographical review (North America, UK, Europe, Japan) that includes reference to over 380 publications. These note 53 for rainbow trout, 61 for cutthroat trout, 104 for brown trout, 47 for bull trout, 41 for brook trout, 35 for Dolly Varden and 42 for white‐spotted char, plus a few general contributions of relevance on some. For each of these species, there has been a major increase in relevant decadal publications since the early 1980s, no doubt in large part because of the upsurge in micro‐genetic methodology for DNA and related technology, coupled with a broadening of interest in stream migratory behaviour of salmonids. Main mechanisms for the control of stream migratory versus resident behaviour appear to cover an interplay among both genetic and environmental factors; in some populations and locations, genetic controls seem to be more important than environmental ones, but in others the reverse. Habitat degradation by various human activities and their introductions of non‐native fish species are becoming causes of reduction in abundance of above and below waterfall stream populations for several of these salmonid species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".