Simulation of groundwater recharge dynamics in partially saturated fractured soils incorporating spatially variable fracture apertures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, numerical simulations are used to analyze complex flow behavior in partially saturated fractured low‐permeability soils during groundwater recharge. The aim is to develop an understanding of the influence of fracture‐matrix interactions and different physical parameters on flow processes. A three‐dimensional discrete fracture model is used to simulate infiltration into a variably saturated porous block containing a single vertical rough‐walled fracture. The results show that flow system dynamics are considerably more sensitive to matrix properties, namely, hydraulic conductivity and antecedent moisture content, than fracture properties. A high degree of fracture‐matrix interaction restricts preferential flow down the fracture and decreases the influence of fracture roughness. The study results suggest that aperture variability within individual fractures may be neglected when modeling water flow through unsaturated soils. Nevertheless, the fracture plays an important role in water movement and controls the vertical flux of a surface applied tracer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".