A relação generificada entre o zoneamento urbano do transporte público e as implicações para a provisão de banheiros públicos
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A relação generificada entre o zoneamento urbano do transporte público e as implicações para a provisão de banheiros públicos * The Gendered Relationship between Urban LandUse Transportation Planning and the Implications for Public Toilet Provision Clara Henrietta Greed University of the West of England claragreed@aol.comEste artigo analisa a relação entre a provisão de banheiros públicos e os sistemas de transportes terrestres urbanos, associado as 'diferentes' necessidades das mulheres, tendo como referência o Reino Unido, bem como as preocupações compartilhadas internacionalmente.'Banheiros' são os componentes de gênero finais do ambiente construído e uma das fronteiras remanescentes da desigualdade sexual.As mulheres, historicamente, têm menos provisões de banheiros públicos do que os homens.Embora as mulheres sejam a maioria da população (52%), suas necessidades raramente são levadas em conta na realização da política urbana.Há uma necessidade de relacionar a localização e provisão do banheiro às questões de gênero, porque as mulheres são mais propensas a estarem fora de casa com as suas famílias, bebês, crianças pequenas e idosos.Banheiros públicos são o elo que falta na criação de cidades sustentáveis, acessíveis e equitativas.Se o governo quer que as pessoas abandonem seus automóveis e voltem para o transporte público, caminhem e andem de bicicleta (WDS, 2005) é essencial fornecer banheiros públicos nas estações ferroviárias, pontos de ônibus, terminais de transporte, ciclovias e centros da atividade como mercados, shopping centers e zonas de emprego.Se melhores projetos e ações forem desenvolvidos para as mulheres, então é provável que um grande número de outros grupos de desfavorecidos sejam beneficiados também, os quais compartilham semelhantes problemas de acesso a um banheiro decente, incluindo idosos e pessoas com deficiência.Palavraschave: banheiros públicos; gênero; planejamento; transportes.This paper looks at the relationship between public toilet provision and urban landuse transportation systems in respect of the 'different' needs of women, with reference to the UK and to internationallyshared concerns.'Toilets' are the ultimate gendered component of the built environment and one of the remaining frontiers of sexual inequality.Women, historically, have less public toilet provision than men, and although women comprise the majority of the population (52%) their needs are seldom taken into account in urban policy making.There is a need to relate toilet location and provision to gender considerations because women are more likely to be the ones out and about with their families, babies, small children and the elderly.Public toilets are the missing link in creating sustainable, accessible and equitable cities.If the government wants to get people out of their cars and back on to public transport, walking, and cycling (WDS,2005) then it is essential to provide public toilets in railway stations, bus stops, transport termini, and in relation to footpaths, cycle tracks and centres of human activity, such as markets, shopping centres and employment zones.If better provision and design is developed for women, then it is likely to benefit a large number of other disadvantaged groups too, who share similar access and provision problems, including the elderly, those with disability and everyone, male or female, who needs a decent toilet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".