The<i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>dynamics in lakes in the boreal region of northern Québec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we examine the magnitude and temporal variability of surface water p CO 2 in a set of lakes in boreal Québec, and explore the links between lake and catchment properties. The study lakes were consistently supersaturated in CO 2 , with the mean lake p CO 2 ranging from 400 to over 1800 μ atm. There was significant interannual variability in p CO 2 , apparently driven by regional patterns in precipitation. The best multivariate model of average p CO 2 included dissolved organic carbon (DOC), lake area and chlorophyll as independent variables, suggesting that external carbon (C) loading to lakes plays a central role in lake CO 2 dynamics and that lake trophic status may modulate the influence of external C loading. We show that even if the key drivers of lake p CO 2 are similar, they interact differently among regions and the resulting models may be dramatically different. In particular, we show that although p CO 2 is invariably correlated to DOC, the shape of this relationship varies greatly among regions, suggesting large‐scale regional differences in C delivery, quality, and in‐lake processing. As a consequence, current models cannot be extrapolated across regions unless we apply region‐specific variables.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".