Uses of the Imagination: Bilanguaging the Translation of U.S. Latino Poets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The translation of multicultural poetry is as challenging as it is creative. In this verse, meaning is transmitted through a defiance of norms, firstly because poetry is a genre that strives for verbal concision and innovation; and secondly because the multilingual poet involves another language —either in its original form or as a translation into the language of composition—to enhance sound and cultural imagery. In order to translate this type of poetry, it is necessary to analyze traditional translations of multicultural literature to establish what the reader’s expectations are, if any, regarding this writing technique. Also, as implicit translations embedded within the lines create a tangible heteroglossia, this element must be considered and conveyed as such in the new version. In this study, the ideas on polylingualism in literature discussed by Mikhail Bakhtin, Meir Steinberger, Walter Mignolo, and Paul Bandia are first weighed, and then an examination of the actual Spanish versions of U.S. Latino poetry published in Usos de la imaginación: poesía de l@s latin@s en EE.UU helps crystallize the problems and strategies involved in the translation of multicultural literature.
 
 La traducción de la poesía multicultural es una tarea tan desafiante como creativa. En esta lírica, se transmite el sentido a través de un cuestionamiento de las normas, primero porque la poesía es un género que busca la concisión verbal y la innovación; segundo porque el poeta multicultural involucra otra lengua—en su forma original o como traducción a la lengua de composición—para enriquecer las imágenes sonoras y culturales. Para traducir este tipo de poesía, es necesario investigar modos tradicionales de traducir la literatura multicultural para así establecer cuáles son, si existen, las expectativas de lectura. También, ya que las traducciones implícitas crean una heteroglosia tangible, hay que considerar este factor y transmitirlo en la nueva versión. En este estudio, se examina las ideas sobre el uso de polilingüismo en la literatura expuestas por Mikhail Bakhtin, Meir Steinberger, Walter Mignolo y Paul Bandi, y luego se analizan las traducciones al castellano de poesía latina realizadas para el libro Usos de la imaginación: poesía de l@s latin@s en EE.UU para llegar a una cristalización de los problemas y posibles soluciones para la traducción de la literatura multicultural.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".