Abstract 2015: Survival from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest is Better for Children than Adults: The ROC Epistry-Cardiac Arrest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives Population-based data for pediatric cardiac arrest are scant and concentrated from large urban areas. The Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Epistry-Cardiac Arrest is a prospective population-based EMS registry of out-of-hospital non-traumatic cardiac arrest (OHCA). The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of OHCA in patients <20 yrs. Methods Design : Prospective population based cohort study with uniform data definitions. Setting : 11 US and Canadian urban and rural sites participating in the ROC. Population : Persons <20 years who receive CPR by EMTs and/or receive a bystander AED shock or are pulseless but receive no EMS resuscitation between 12/2005 thru 11/2006. Hypothesis : Survival from pediatric OHCA is less than adult survival. Survival is discharge from hospital. Patients were divided in 3 groups: <1 yr, 1–11 yrs, 12–<20 yrs. Adult data derived from same registry, n = 16829. Results Data from 389 OHCAs in children were submitted: 315 (81%) patients received EMS treatment. Table 1 shows data from all children with OHCA. Table 2 shows EMS-treated OHCAs. Survival of pediatric patients was statistically better than adults for all OHCAs (7.5% vs. 3.9%, p < 0.009) and for EMS-treated OHCAs (9.2% vs 6.9% p = 0.001). EMS scene time was <10 minutes for 22% of children vs 3.6% of adults, p < 0.001. Conclusions Survival from OHCA is better among children than adults, and this current survival rate is better than most previous studies. Bystander CPR is provided for <40% of all patients. Ventricular fibrillation occurs in all age groups. Short scene times are more common in infants and children, suggesting a scoop and run approach for younger patients. Table 1 Baseline Characteristics for all OHCA Patients Table 2 EMS-Treated OHCA Patients
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".