Geochemical characterization of alleged Mallorytown glass (c. 1839-40) in the Royal Ontario Museum and its distinction from contemporary upstate New York glassware
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chemical analysis shows that several of the alleged Mallorytown glass pitchers, bowls, and tumblers in the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) have distinctive potassic soda-lime (K+Na+Ca-rich) compositions that resemble waste glass from the factory site, thereby supporting their attribution to this, the first-known Canadian glassworks. The composition of one object in particular, the Burnham bowl, so closely resembles this waste glass that it can now be considered to be an authenticated Mallorytown artifact. Although potassic soda-lime cullet and waste glass have also been recovered from the contemporary Redford and Redwood glassworks in upstate New York, their compositions tend to differ both from one another and from Mallorytown glass. Some of the cullet associated with these glassworks, however, consists of low-K soda-lime glass, and at Redwood, this was used to make window panes and, on an ad hoc basis, tableware. In addition, some shaped low-K glass objects were recovered from the Mallorytown site, suggesting that this type of glass might also have been used to make tableware such as one of the alleged Mallorytown pitchers in the ROM's collection. Based on its composition, however, it seems likely that this particular pitcher was made at Redwood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".