Mesenchymal condensation sets the stage for intramembranous bone development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mesenchymal condensation is one of the earliest, and most critical, stages in the formation of intramembranous (directly ossifying) bone. It is during the condensation phase that key skeletogenic genes are first upregulated and during which collagen I, the scaffold on which the inorganic portion of bone will be deposited, is first established. Thus, morphogenesis and tissue specific gene expression occur concurrently. Previously, we used microarray analysis and in situ hybridisation to determine which genes are important and at what stage of development these genes act during intramembranous ossification in chick and zebrafish. In the current study, we utilize a combination of light and electron microscopy to better understand the patterning and polarization of cells in early skeletogenic condensations. We compare neural crest derived intramembranous bones, specifically the scleral ossicles of the chick ( Gallus gallus ) and the opercula of the zebrafish ( Danio rerio ). While our preliminary results in the chick suggest osteoblasts are polarized toward the center of the early condensations, more data is required to make a solid conclusion. Data collection in zebrafish is also ongoing. Combined, these studies provide a means to correlate gene expression and morphogenesis during intramembranous bone formation. Grant Funding Source : Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation (Canada) ; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".