Responses of seed germination and protocorm formation to light intensity and temperature in epiphytic and terrestrial <i>Liparis</i> (Orchidaceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Epiphytes begin their life history with seed germination on trees and live on the trees throughout the lives. In contrast, the seeds of terrestrial plants germinate on the ground. To clarify differences in early life history between epiphytes and terrestrial species, we compared the responses of in vitro asymbiotic seed germination and protocorm formation to various light intensities and temperatures between the epiphyte Liparis fujisanensis and two closely related terrestrial species, Liparis koreojaponica and Liparis kumokiri (Orchidaceae). Epiphytic germination was higher at low temperature and under high light intensity than that of the terrestrial species. Protocorms were formed only in the dark in the three species. Field measurements of temperature and photosynthetically active radiation in six natural habitats of the species from 2005 to 2006 showed that the habitats of the epiphyte were exposed to higher light intensities than those of the terrestrial species. The high germination capability of epiphyte seeds in wider ranges of light intensity and temperature may be beneficial to its seedling growth in the early growing season in exposed aboveground habitats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".