Experimental Study of Forced Convection over Equilateral Triangle Helical Coiled Tubes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study presents an experimental investigation of an equilateral triangular cross-sectioned helical tube under uniform heat flux boundary condition. The experiments are carried out for nine helical coiled-tubes of different parameters. Different diameter ratio (D/a) ranged from 6.77 to 15.43 and pitch ratio (P/a) ranged from 1.127 to 3.062 are employed in the present study, The experiments covered a range of Reynolds number from 5.3X10 2 to 2.2X10 3 . Uniform heat flux is applied to the inside surface of the helical coil and air is selected as tested fluid. The experimental results obtained from the equilateral triangular cross-sectioned helical tube indicated that the parameters of the coil diameter and pitch of helical coil have important effects on the heat transfer coefficient. The Nusselt number increases with the increase of Reynolds number and coil diameter at constant pitch of the helical coil. Also, Nusselt number increases with the increase of Reynolds number and Pitch of helical coil at constant coil diameter tube. A comparison between the present experimental data with a previous work with circular cross-sectioned helical tubes have the same test conditions was achieved. From this comparison, it is clear that the average enhancement of Nusselt number for equilateral triangular cross-sectioned helical is about 1.12 ~ 1.25 times the circular cross-sectioned helical for all tested conditions. A general correlation of the average Nusselt number as a function in Re, D/a and P/a ratios is obtained to describe the forced convection from the equilateral triangle cross sectioned coiled tube. Key words : Forced convection; Helical coiled tubes; Coil diameter ratio; Pitch ratio
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".