High prevalence of primary immune deficiencies in children with autoimmune disorders.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Autoimmunity is a well-recognised manifestation of primary immunodeficiency disorders. However, the prevalence of primary immunodeficiency among children with autoimmune diseases is not well characterised. The objective of this retrospective study was to describe the prevalence of primary immunodeficiency disorders in a paediatric population with autoimmune diseases. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed a cohort of patients investigated for diverse autoimmune conditions from June 1st 2005 to December 31st 2006 in the Rheumatology and Immunology service of a tertiary care paediatric hospital in Canada. The clinical data of patients were reported. Independently of their baseline characteristics, patients underwent a systematic immunologic workup, which was performed before treatment initiation. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were included in this study. We identified 5 patients (15%) with a primary immunodeficiency disorder: common variable immunodeficiency (n=2), combined immunodeficiency (n=1) and complement component deficiency (n=2). Four other patients (12%) displayed decreased levels of immunoglobulins, B-cell lymphopenia and/or abnormal vaccinal response but did not fulfil the criteria of a defined primary immunodeficiency disorder at the time of the study. Importantly, none of these 9 patients had a particular familial history and none had a history of recurrent infections. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of patients presenting with an autoimmune condition have an underlying primary immunodeficiency disorder that may not be clinically obvious. Additional prospective investigations are needed to further define the role for routine immunologic testing in daily clinical rheumatologic practice.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".