Effects of nosocomial infection trends on neonatal outcomes in preterm infants <33 weeks of gestational age in Canadian NICUs.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize recent trends of nosocomial infection (NI) among preterm infants admitted to Canadian Level 3 NICUs during 2008-2012, and its association with neonatal outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed including infants born <33 weeks gestational age and admitted to 24 NICU sites participating in the Canadian Neonatal NetworkTM during 2008-2012. NICU sites were classified into three groups according to their baseline NI rates in 2008 [Low NI group (≤14%), Medium NI group (14.1%-19%) and High NI group (>19%)], and NICU sites were also classified according to their NI trend during 2008-2012 (decreased, null and increased). Trends in NI were further examined for each baseline-NI group. Trends for a composite outcome indicating mortality or severe morbidities (intraventricular hemorrhage grades≥3 or periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity stages≥3, bronchopulmonary dysplasia or necrotizing enterocolitis stages≥2) were examined for each baseline-NI and trend-NI NICU site groups using multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Baseline high NI group showed significantly decreased trends in NI rates, while for with medium or low baseline NI groups showed no significant trends in NI rates. The composite outcome (mortality during NICU stay or any severe neonatal morbidity such as intraventricular hemorrhage grades 3-4, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity stages 3-5, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis stages 2-3) decreased significantly for sites with decreased (OR=0.89, 95% CI=0.85-0.93) or null (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.90-0.98) NI trends, but no significant trends in the composite outcome were detected for sites with increased NI rates. CONCLUSIONS: The neonatal outcome is possibly influenced by NI rates and trend. The trend in the mortality and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity stage≥3 and intraventricular hemorrhage>2 were significantly decreased for sites with decreased NI trend, suggesting that these improved outcomes may be associated with effort to decrease NI rate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".