CD133+ human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells induce apoptosis of CD8+T cells by highly expressed galectin-3
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and function of Galectin-3 (Gal-3) in CD133(+) pulmonary adenocarcinoma. METHODS: CD133(+) pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells were separated by MACS from excised pulmonary adenocarcinoma specimens of 11 patients. The percentage of CD133(+) cells in different cells population was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). Expression of Gal-3 in cancer cells was detected by Fluorescence Quantitation RT-PCR (FQRT-PCR) and Western blot whereas extracellular expression was detected by ELISA. CD133(+) cells were transfected with Gal-3 specific siRNA to explore the affects of Gal-3 inhibition on cancer cell growth and induction of CD8(+) T cell apoptosis. RESULTS: Cells expressing CD133 constituted 90% of the CD133(+) subpopulation after separation by MACS whereas they made up only 1.2% of the unsorted cell population. Expression of Gal-3 was 1.24 fold, 1.5 fold and 2 fold higher in CD133(+) cells than in CD133(-) cells as detected by FQRT-PCR, Western blot and ELISA respectively (p < 0.05 for each). The supernatants of CD133(+) cells induced apoptosis of CD8(+) T cells to a greater degree (27.1+ or - 2.6%) compared with supernatants from CD133(-) cells (10.1 + or - 2.2%), and could be down-regulated by lactose, anti-galectin-3 polyclonal antibody and Gal-3 siRNA. Downregulation of Gal-3 resulted in significant inhibition of cancer cell growth in vitro. CONCLUSION: Gal-3 is expressed at a relatively higher level in CD133(+) lung adenocarcinoma cells and could induce CD8(+) T cell apoptosis in vitro, both of which could be down-regulated by Gal-3 siRNA. These findings indicate that Gal-3 may play an important role during oncogenesis, implying a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".