The life and works of Alexander Ivanovich Ertel (1855-1908) : whither Russia?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three principal aspects of A.I. Ertel's (1855-1908) art are considered in this reassessment of his life and works. The first is his religious ethnography, whereby he represents the felt quality of the religious revival of his time in all its diversity. The second aspect is the dialogue which his works form with the question of national destiny. The third is the spiritual autobiography which his oeuvre represents. Accordingly, the approach taken in this study is, from one perspective, historical and biographical, while from another it will make use of M. Bakhtin's notion of "polyphonic artistic thinking" in analyzing Ertel's works. It is the third aspect of Ertel' s art which gives this thesis its structure. In Part I, "Confrontation," representative early works are considered within the context of three philosophical confrontations: first, with the notion that the meaning of life is self-evident; second, with philosophical pessimism; and third, with Tolstoyism. Part Two is devoted to two novels which reflect Ertel's philosophy of "Compromise." These works present a hopeful view of both individual and corporate moral development in spite of diversity and sweeping social change. Part Three, "Counter Idea," examines two works which reflect the author's ultimate dissatisfaction with "all-embracing theories" in these works Ertel confronts the reader with reasons for hope and despair with regard to progress and the destiny of Russia. The Conclusion attempts to re-establish Ertel's place in Russian literature, giving consideration to the relevance of his works for today and to his particular narrative style.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".