Stress Corrosion Crack Initiation Processes: Pitting and Microcrack Coalescence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Initiation of transgranular stress corrosion cracking in linepipe steels was studied in near-neutral pH environment. The effects of surface condition, composition, inclusions, pre-existing defects, mechanical factors, and hydrogen production at the surface were studied. In addition, the effects of spacing between inclusions and of pre-existing defects on crack coalescence were examined. Crack initiation was associated with pitting. Crack size increased with time of testing, and crack density increased with increase in applied stress. Possible mechanisms of low-pH SCC are advanced in this paper. Plasticity localization and localized dissolution are the two major aspects of crack development. These two processes occur on the same crystallographic planes, and thus, mutually enhance each other during crack development. Hydrogen is discharged and enters the steel under the exposure conditions, possibly influencing the cracking process by facilitating plasticity localization. The importance of crack initiation sites is discussed with respect to implications for field inspections and for assessing the integrity of a pipeline containing cracks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".