La Movilidad de Estudiantes de Posgrado de Venezuela y México a Canadá: Un Estudio Exploratorio
Bibliographic record
Abstract
espanolEl articulo presenta los resultados de una investigacion exploratoria cuyo objetivo general fue analizar el movimiento de venezolanos y mexicanos que han emigrado (temporal o definitivamente) a Canada para realizar estudios de posgrado. Se identificaron cinco universidades canadienses que reciben el mayor numero de estudiantes de posgrado de Venezuela y de Mexico. Se analizo la politica canadiense de internacionalizacion y reclutamiento de estudiantes extranjeros. Se entrevisto a estudiantes y egresados de posgrado que decidieron permanecer en Canada y se obtuvo informacion de los que han regresado a sus paises. Para los venezolanos y mexicanos que se graduaron, la razon para haber elegido a Canada para su estudio de posgrado esta asociada al prestigio de la universidad seleccionada y a la existencia de un grupo de investigacion en su area de interes; el respaldo economico ofrecido a los estudiantes de posgrado en Canada y, en algunos casos, por razones personales. EnglishThe objective of this paper is to report an exploratory research whose general objective was to analyze the movement of Venezuelans and Mexicans who have immigrated (temporarily or definitively) to Canada for graduate studies in that country. The economic value of knowledge, the development of information and communication technologies, the expansion of higher education, the new providers of higher education and the strengthening of so-called world-class universities are some of the elements marking the singularity of this epoch and the internationalization process. Five Canadian universities were identified that receive the greatest number of graduate students from Venezuela and Mexico. Documents were collected and analyzed that express Canadian policy with regard to internationalization and foreign student recruitment. Venezuelan and Mexican graduate students and students who have graduated and decided to remain in Canada were interviewed. Information was requested from Venezuelan and Mexican graduates who have returned to their countries. For Mexicans and Venezuelans who graduate their reasons for having chosen Canada for graduate studies are connected to the prestige of the selected university and the existence of some research group in their area of interest, the economic support offered to graduate students at Canadian universities and, in some cases, personal reasons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".