Changes in Liver Function Tests after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Not So Rare, Not Always Ominous
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The incidental findings of increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) after uneventful laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) prompted us to investigate the incidence and the clinical significance of this phenomenon. Changes in liver function test after LC (n = 55) were compared with those after OC (n = 16). Liver function tests were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively on days 1, 2, and 7. All of the patients fulfilled the selection criteria: normal preoperative liver function test and no endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, common bile duct exploration, or postoperative biliary complications (injury, infection, or obstruction). Converted cholecystectomies were also excluded. During LC, the intra-abdominal pressure was maintained within the conventional range of 14 to 15 mm Hg. ALT had doubled in the first 48 hours from the preoperative mean in 58.2 per cent in LC patients versus only 6.3 per cent in the OC group. AST doubled from the preoperative mean value in 38.2 per cent in the LC group versus only 6.3 per cent in the OC group. By the 7th postoperative day, the enzymes returned to the preoperative values in both the LC and the OC group. In many instances, a significant increase in ALT and AST blood levels occurred after uneventful LC. The phenomenon is transient as these enzymes returned to normal value within 7 days. These changes are clinically silent in patients with a normal liver function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".