The Dimensions of the Citizenship Concept among the Jordanian University Students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined Jordanian university students’ knowledge of the citizenship concept while also aiming to reveal whether there were any statistically significant differences in students’ knowledge of the citizenship concept due to gender, residence, family income, college, academic level and accumulative grade point average. The study sample comprised 900 B.A level enrolled at six Jordanian universities in the academic year 2012/2013. The research tool was a questionnaire comprising 56 items in four dimensions (identity, loyalty, pluralism, freedom and political participation). Study findings revealed a high level of knowledge of the citizenship concept the total level of the Jordanian university students’ in all dimensions was high, despite a medium rating for freedom and political. Results showed statistically significant differences as follows: with regard to the gender variable on the dimensions of identity, pluralism, and freedom and political participation, in favor of males; among rural and urban students on the dimension of loyalty, in favor of rural students; on the dimension of freedom and political participation, in favor of urban students; in favor of high income students on the dimensions of identity, pluralism, freedom and political participation; among students of scientific and humanities colleges on the dimensions of pluralism and freedom and political participation, in favor of humanities colleges; with regard to student academic level on the dimensions of loyalty, pluralism, and freedom and political participation, in favor of the fourth year students. Finally, there were statistically significant differences with regard to the students’ accumulative grade point average variable in favor of students with grades of excellent and very good.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".