A broadband 3D vertical Microstrip to Stripline transition in LTCC using a quasi-coaxial structure for millimetre-wave SOP applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a broadband microwave vertical transition structure suitable for System on Package (SOP) applications at millimeter-wave frequencies (mmW). The designed structure includes a Microstrip (MS) to Stripline (SL) back to back vertical transition optimized for 60 GHz applications but also suitable for E-band frequencies as well. The mmW transition presented here was fabricated in a Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) process using commercially available Ferro A6M tape layers. Design and optimization of this microwave transition was carried out in order to maintain a constant characteristic impedance over the entire bandwidth. A bandwidth improvement of 30% is observed by optimizing the ground via fence of the vertical transition. A maximum of 12 surrounding vias were used due to limitations in the LTCC process. Measurements of this vertical transition show a Return Loss of better than 10 dB for frequencies as high as 90 GHz while maintaining an insertion loss of less than 0.9 dB. A grounded coplanar waveguide (CPWG) to MS planar transition with good electrical performance for up to 110 GHz was also designed and implemented to characterize the vertical transition fabricated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".