Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF‐4α) promotes polarization and activates vectorial transport in intestinal epithelial cell
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this work was to identify transcription factors implicated in the regulation of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) differentiation. METHODS AND RESULTS: An IEC‐6 cell line that expressed Cdx2 (IEC6‐L1) was induced to polarize and differentiate when co‐cultured 8 days with intestinal mesenchymal cells (IMC). Co‐cultured cells were harvested at days 1, 3, 5 and 8 and submitted to a gene expression analysis. HNF‐4α was not expressed at days 1 and 3 and began to be detectable at the mRNA level at day 5 when clusters of polarizing cells appeared. Western blot analysis confirmed that HNF‐4α was detectable around co‐culture day 6 and immunolocalization analysis showed that it was strictly expressed by clusters of polarized cells. The gene profiling analysis revealed numerous putative targets of HNF‐4α among the up‐regulated genes. Retroviral construct allowing the expression of HNF‐4α cDNA was used to stably infect IEC6‐L1 cells. When co‐cultured with IMC, IEC6‐L1/HNF‐4α polarized more rapidly than controls and formed dome‐like elevations. Electron microscopy confirmed that IEC6‐L1/HNF‐4α accumulated material between their bases and the subjacent IMC monolayer. CONCLUSION: HNF‐4α was recently implicated in the regulation of specific intestinal‐differentiated genes. Our results strongly suggest that HNF‐4α is implicated in IEC polarization, functional absorption and transport. (Work supported by CIHR, NSERC, FRSQ)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".