Transportation Impacts of Fracking in the Eagle Ford Shale Development in Rural South Texas: Perceptions of Local Government Officials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores the impacts on transportation infrastructure and transportation-related issues associated with the gas and oil boom in the Eagle Ford Shale region in rural south Texas. It begins with a general explanation of fracking and its general impacts along with specifics of the Eagle Ford Shale region. Drawing on data gathered both from crash trends and two surveys administered to public officials in the Eagle Ford Shale region, we present a description of the impacts of fracking on cities and counties. Crash trends between 2009-2013 overall show a 26 percent increase. Fatalities and severe injuries also increased by 49 percent. The survey results show that counties and cities are experiencing significant challenges in meeting increased demands placed on their transportation system by fracking including increased traffic and congestion, deteriorating roads, and increased cost of maintenance. Keywords: fracking, transportation policy, energy resources, rural traffic, oil ----------------------------------------------------- Cet article examine les effets sur les infrastructures de transport et les problèmes liés au transport suite au boom économique de l'industrie du pétrole et du gaz, dans la région de Eagle Ford Shale, dans le sud rural du Texas. Il débute avec une explication générale de la fracturation, de ses impacts globaux et spécifiques à la région de Eagle Ford Shale. En utilisant les données recueillies des tendances d'accidents et de deux enquêtes administrées à des fonctionnaires dans la région de Eagle Ford Shale, nous présentons une description des impacts de la fracturation sur les villes et les comtés. Les tendances des accidents montrent globalement une hausse de 26%, entre 2009 et 2013. Les fatalités et les blessures graves ont aussi augmenté de 49%. Les résultats de l'enquête montre que les comtés et les villes expérimentent des défis significatifs face aux demandes croissantes faites dans leurs réseaux de transport par la fracturation, incluant le trafic et la congestion accrus, la détèrioration des routes et l'augmentation des coûts de maintenance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".