‘Incurable Sores on Innocent Tongues’: The Language of Pain in World War I Poetry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper adopts Elaine Scarry’s ideas about the unsharability of pain through its resistance to language, by which pain not only resists language but also actively destroys it, and that pain can only be effectively described when the human voice only become visible. Through close analysis of a representative sample of World War I verse, this article examines the mechanisms war poets used to express pain. I turns out that these poets reflected anxieties against the difficulty of expressing and communicating pain and adopted visualizing and ekphrastic mechanisms and suggestive symbols to overcome that difficulty, by which they have managed to share pain and communicate it. Their broken grammar and lines, as well as the shattered music of their verses, are in themselves prerequisites for the truthful communication of pain. As such, they provided a mechanism by which any painful experience may be communicated, thus posing as successful advocates of revolt against all sorts of silencing and blinding public awareness. They are protectors of vision and voice. Key words : Language; Communication; Pain; World War I Poetry; Ekphrasis Resume: Ce document adopte les idees d'Elaine Scarry sur la nature non partageable de la douleur a travers sa resistance a la langue. La douleur peut non seulement resister a la langue mais aussi la detruire activement. Et la douleur ne peut etre efficacement decrite que lorsque la voix humaine devient visible. Grace a une analyse approfondie d'un echantillon representatif du verset de la Premiere Guerre mondiale, cet article examine les mecanismes des poetes de la guerre pour exprimer la douleur. Il s'avere que ces poetes ont reflete des angoisses contre la difficulte d'exprimer et la douleur de communiquer et ont adopte des mecanismes de visualisation, des mecanismes ekphrastiques et des symboles suggestifs pour surmonter cette difficulte, par lequel ils ont reussi a partager la douleur et la communiquer. Leurs grammaire et lignes brisees, ainsi que la musique brisee de leurs vers, sont en eux-memes des conditions prealables a la communication veridique de la douleur. Du coup, ils ont fourni un mecanisme par lequel toute experience douloureuse peut etre communiquee, ce qui se pose comme les defenseurs de la revolte contre toutes sortes de silence et de sensibilisation aveuglante du public. Ils sont les protecteurs de la vision et la voix. Mots-cles: Langue; Communication; Douleur; Poesie De La Premiere Guerre Mondiale; Ekphrastique
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".