Pilates Adapted for Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) result in disruptive physical, cognitive, and sensory complications that progress with time. These symptoms can alter muscle tone and disturb movement, which can negatively impact a person’s ability to complete activities of daily living (ADL) and participation in community activities (Lexell, Iwarrson, & Lexell, 2006; Wressle, Engstand, & Granerus, 2007). Treatment for PD and MS consists mainly of medications and occasionally surgery, (Merck Manual, 2012a; Merck Manual, 2012b) but alternative and supplemental treatments, including exercise, are also being used (National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke [NINDS], 2012; National Multiple Sclerosis Society [NMMS], 2012).\nSignificant improvements in walking speed and upper extremity endurance were seen in people with MS when they engaged in aerobic exercise (Romberg et al., 2004). A study by O’Brien, Dodd, and Bilney (2008), found that a successful exercise program for PD specifically addressed postural muscles, strength training and breathing exercises. It is suggested that treatment of PD should include the use of medication as well as regular exercise to manage the motor and psychosocial issues of coping with a chronic disease (Ziemssen, 2011). One possible exercise that should be considered is Pilates, which has been found to improve muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, and posture in people without neurological conditions (Kloubec, 2010).\nThe Pilates method can be adapted for individuals, thus allowing compensation for restrictions in movement (Owsley, 2005). It is able to meet the needs of diverse populations because the specialized equipment has features that allow an exercise routine to be adapted to individual body types. However, there is a lack of knowledge in the Pilates community about PILATES FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 5 biomechanics and the basics of functional fitness (Monroe, 2010). Therefore, the motor, cognitive or sensory disturbances associated with PD or MS is outside the basic knowledge required to become a certified Pilates instructor. This project addresses an unmet need by giving Pilates instructors the knowledge and skills to provide an accessible service that addresses some of the health and wellness needs of people with PD or MS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".