Comparison of calcium absorption from various calcium‐containing products in healthy human adults: a bioavailability study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to compare the bioavailability of calcium after supplementation with four preparations ‐ Calcium AA Chelate (18%; A), Dicalcium malate (B), Calcium AA Chelate (26%; C) and Calcium carbonate (D). After ingestion of a single dose containing 900 mg of elemental calcium, no significant differences were observed in AUC suggesting that bioavailability of all four Supplements is similar. However, there were significant differences between the groups in the maximum concentration (Cmax), time to reach maximum concentration (Tmax) and half‐life of elimination. Supplement A showed the maximum increase in serum calcium concentration compared to baseline followed by Supplements B, C and D. Time required to reach the maximum serum concentration was shortest for Supplement D followed by Supplements C, A and B. This suggests that absorption of Supplement D is better compared to the other Supplements. However, the half‐life of Supplement D in serum was shortest suggesting that it is cleared from the blood faster than the other Supplements. Supplement B had the longest half‐life and seems to be most bioavailable followed by supplement A, C and D. This work was sponsored by Albion Advanced Nutrition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".