Esthesioneuroblastoma Masquerading as Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Esthesioneuroblastoma, a rare tumour of the nasal vault, can present with symptoms that can be mistaken for common conditions such as chronic rhinosinusitis or recurrent epistaxis. Case presentation: A 52-year-old, previously healthy, Caucasian female presented to the emergency room with two months of nasal congestion and a spontaneous, protracted nosebleed that required a nasal clamp to settle. In the following months she had another episode of epistaxis in addition to fatigue, headaches, anosmia, difficulty breathing, worsening vision, weight loss and behavioral changes. Subsequent investigations led to the diagnosis of esthesioneuroblastoma. Conclusion: When patients present with recurrent epistaxis or chronic rhinosinusitis that does not respond to a reasonable course of medical therapy and/or have atypical associated symptoms, further investigations should be considered. The presences of red flags, such as weight loss, severe headaches, vision changes or bizarre behavior are also clues that alternate diagnoses and further additional workup should be considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".