Mast Cells Have a Pivotal Role in TNF-Independent Lymph Node Hypertrophy and the Mobilization of Langerhans Cells in Response to Bacterial Peptidoglycan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Peptidoglycan (PGN) from Gram-positive bacteria, activates multiple immune effector cells. PGN-induced lymph node (LN) hypertrophy and dendritic cell mobilization in vivo were investigated following PGN injection into the skin. Both LN activation and the migration of Langerhans cells (LCs) to draining LNs were dependent on the presence of mast cells as demonstrated using mast cell deficient W/W(v) mice. However, these responses did not require TLR2, TLR4, or MYD88. TNF-deficient mice exhibited normal increases in LN cellularity but significantly reduced LC migration. In contrast, responses to IgE-mediated mast cell activation were highly TNF dependent. Complement component C3-deficient mice showed decreased LN hypertrophy and abrogated LC migration in response to PGN. These data demonstrate a critical role for mast cells and complement in LN responses to PGN and illustrate a novel TNF-independent mechanism whereby mast cells participate in the initiation of immunity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".