Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk of acute kidney injury: A population-based cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Older adults are frequently prescribed atypical antipsychotic drugs and may be at a risk for kidney-related adverse events. This population-based retrospective cohort study examined the 90-day risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the potential reasons for AKI in 96,471 matched pairs of older adults who received and who did not receive a new atypical antipsychotic drug prescription from 2003 to 2011 in Ontario. Atypical antipsychotic drug use was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization with AKI (relative risk (RR) 2.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.85–2.29]). The drug use was also associated with potential reasons for AKI including hypotension (RR 2.16 [95% CI 1.81–2.57]), acute urinary retention (RR 2.15 [95% CI 1.78–2.60]), and neuroleptic malignant syndrome/rhabdomyolysis (RR 1.44 [95% CI 1.06–1.96]). Residual confounding is unlikely to explain the observed associations entirely. This knowledge informs prescribing practice and may help identify a drug-induced reason for AKI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".