Microencapsulated Medicines for Beneficial Insects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Few veterinary medicines are used for treating invertebrate micro-livestock. We made and tested a specially designed microcapsulated medicament that disguised antifeedant properties of active ingredients and were of appropriate, ingestable sizes to enter the alimentary tracts where the active ingredient was liberated. Menthol is a fumigant used to suppress populations of parasitic tracheal mites in honeybee hives. Mentholated microcapsules, similar in size to pollen, were designed to deliver and liberate menthol into the bees' ventriculus (mid-gut) where it would be transported to the hemolymph (blood) and circulated. MEM (menthol doubly-microencapsulated with zein and stearic acid) was fed in sugar-candy patties to honeybees without the menthol having its usual anti-feedant and irritant effects. In the laboratory, honeybees fed MEM ad libitum in sugar candy patties at menthol concentrations of 5 to 40 mg/g for two days showed about 40% higher mite mortality than did controls (fed sugar candy patty alone). In a commercially operated apiary, feeding a dose of 40 and 80 mg/g MEM in candy patties to colonies 4 times over 1.5 months, kept tracheal mite prevalence significantly below that in controls for at least 4 months. Our technology probably has wider applicability for disease treatment in microlivestock used directly for food or fiber, and possibly in biocontrol.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".