Aortic dissection in children and young adults: diagnosis, patients at risk, and outcomes
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To heighten the awareness of pediatricians and pediatric cardiologists to aortic dissection, a potentially dangerous medical condition. METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 13 patients, seen in four medical centers, who suffered acute or chronic aortic dissection over the period 1970 through 2000 whilst under the age of 25 years. RESULTS: There were seven male and six female patients, with the mean age at diagnosis being 12.1 years, with a range from one day to 25 years. Congenital cardiac defects were present in five patients, and Marfan syndrome in four. In three of the patients with congenital cardiac defects, aortic dissection developed as a complication of medical procedures. In three patients, dissection followed blunt trauma to the chest. We could not identify any risk factors in one patient. The presenting symptoms included chest pain in four patients, abdominal pain and signs of ischemic bowel in two, non-palpable femoral pulses in one, and obstruction of the superior caval vein in one. Angiography and magnetic resonance imaging were the main diagnostic tools. Overall mortality was 38%. Only six patients had successful surgical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Due to the rarity of aortic dissection a high index of suspicion is required to reach the diagnosis in a timely manner. It should be considered in young patients complaining of chest pain in association with Marfan syndrome, anomalies of the aortic valve and arch, and chest trauma.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it