CMOS coupled multivibrators for WMTS applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper a wideband MOS quadrature oscillator constituted by two multivibrators is presented. Two different forms of coupling, named here as soft and hard, are investigated. Simulations are performed in a 0.13 µm CMOS technology to obtain the tuning range, the synchronization transients, and the influence of mismatches in timing capacitors and charging currents on synchronization. It is found that hard coupling reduces the quadrature error (about 1°, with 5% mismatches in timing capacitors and charging currents) and results in a low phase-noise (about 2 dB improvement) with respect to soft coupling. Either a single multivibrator or coupled multivibrators can be locked to an external synchronizing harmonic frequency, and the locking range is investigated by simulations. The circuit examples for the simulations are oscillators that cover the frequency bands of WMTS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".