Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fluency as an acknowledged translation criterion has been in a dominant position in China for a long time. Translators have been striving for this fluency; readers and critics have been evaluating translated versions according to this criterion. But in translation history, even at the palm time of fluent translation, exceptions can still be found. Un-fluency as a translating strategy was frequently used and highly advocated by some important translators like LU Xun. The author of this paper has expected to explore the main reasons for LU Xun’s un-fluent translating strategy; find the specific translating methods applied in producing his un-fluent versions; and analyze the influence and significance of his un-fluent translation both on literary tradition and translation theory and practice. This paper attempts to make a descriptive study of un-fluent translation as a history phenomenon by taking LU Xun’s translation as a typical example. Key words: Deviation; Resistancy; LU Xun; Un-fluent Translation Resume: La fluidite en tant qu’un critere de traduction reconnu est dans une position dominante en Chine depuis une longue periode. Les traducteurs s’ efforcent d’atteindre cette fluidite; les lecteurs et les critiques evaluent la qualite des oeuvres traduites selon ce critere. Pourtant dans l'histoire de la traduction, meme a l'epoque d’or de la traduction fluide, il y a toujours des exceptions a trouver. L’un-fluidite a ete frequemment utilisee et hautement preconisee par certains traducteurs importants comme LU Xun comme une strategie de traduction. L'auteur de cet article tente d'explorer les raisons principales de cette strategie de LU Xun couramment traduction; de trouver les methodes specifiques appliquees dans sa traduction un-fluide, et d’analyser l'influence et l'importance de sa traduction laborieuse a la fois sur la tradition de traduction litteraire et sur la theorie de la traduction et de la pratique. Ce document tente de faire une etude descriptive sur la traduction un-fluide comme un phenomene historique en prenant la traduction de LU Xun comme un exemple typique. Mots-cles: deviation; resistance; LU Xun; traduction un-fluide
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".