The Effect of Peripheral Learning on Vocabulary Acquisition, Retention and Recall Among Iranian EFL Learners
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study is an attempt to investigate the effect ofperipheral learning on Iranian EFL learners’ vocabulary acquisition, retention and recall. Peripheral learninghere refers to the perception occurring implicitly andincidentally as a result of continuous exposure to the increasing quantity of information (Taylor, 1990). 80 female participants aged between 18 to 21 were selectedand randomly divided in two groups, namely as the experimental and control groups. Before starting the treatment, a validated content-based test was administeredto both groups as the pre-test. Then, after the treatment,three post-tests were administered as immediate recall,delayed recall and retention test respectively. The results demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups for each post-test. By analyzing the results, it was revealed that the peripheral exposure of vocabularyto the participants had a very significant impact on the participants’ vocabulary acquisition, retention, and recall. Key words: Peripheral learning; Vocabularyacquisition; Retention and recall
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".