Pregnancies among New Zealand teenagers: trends, current status and international comparisons.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: To examine trends in birth and total pregnancy rates among teenage women in New Zealand, ethnic differences and international comparisons. METHODS: Routinely collected data on births and abortions by age in New Zealand have been used to derive teenage birth rates and estimated total teenage pregnancy rates. RESULTS: The teenage birth rate rose from the end of the Second World War until 1972, then dropped until 1986, since when it has risen slightly. An increase in the proportion of teenage pregnancies aborted since 1986 has prevented a more marked increase in the birth rate. In 1997, the teenage birth rate for Maori was nearly five times, and the Pacific rate over three times, that of European/Pakeha teenagers. Although the abortion rate was slightly higher among Maori than European/Pakeha teenagers, Maori who became pregnant were much less likely to have an abortion. Of the developed OECD countries, only the USA has a higher teenage birth rate than New Zealand. However, the teenage birth rate among European/Pakeha in New Zealand, while higher than in many Western European countries, is similar to the total rate in Australia, and less than that in the UK and Canada. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis shows that using routinely collected data, it is possible to monitor national teenage pregnancy rates. Improvements in monitoring could be made by collecting ethnicity data on abortions and births in a consistent manner, together with the area of residence of women having abortions. The findings indicate the importance of understanding the impact on Maori women who become pregnant as teenagers and on their children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".