Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scattering by an obstacle in the near field of a radiating aperture can be obtained by superimposing many much simpler omnidirectional scattering solutions. These sources must be closely spaced in the aperture with relative amplitudes corresponding to the aperture field distribution. Highly accurate results can also be obtained with fewer basis solutions if they are beam solutions with the beams arranged in a Gabor lattice. Beam solutions are obtained from omnidirectional source solutions by substituting appropriate complex source coordinates for the real source coordinates. This procedure has already been used for antenna aperture scattering by local half planes and wide slits, where the main results are for forward scattered fields, and also for rectangular cylinders where backscattered fields are also shown. Back radiation from an aperture depends on aperture edge diffraction. This is not specified in a beam array representation, so the total backscattered field cannot be known. Here we revisit earlier solutions to determine how seriously back radiation from the aperture affects the numerical results and to improve our representation of both the radiation fields of an aperture in isolation and the total back scattered fields of an obstacle in the vicinity of the aperture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".