Field observations of syngenetic ice wedge polygons, outer Mackenzie Delta, western Arctic coast, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Low‐centered ice wedge polygons in the Big Lake Delta Plain of the outer Mackenzie Delta are unusual because their bounding ramparts appear to have a single ridge. Twenty‐two ice wedges in the area were examined between 2006 and 2009 to describe their morphology and diagnose their growth processes. The ground above ice wedges had a subtle microtopography, with ridges of 0.12 m relief and 4.0 m total width, bisected by troughs only 0.05 m wide and 0.09 m deep. The troughs, initially obscured by vegetation growth and organic matter, were underlain by ice wedges with average widths that increased downward in the uppermost 1 m of permafrost from 0.03 to 0.95 m. “Shoulders” on the ice wedges indicated vertical growth stages. Temperatures near the top of permafrost were favorable to thermal‐contraction cracking, and ice veins connected to the top of wedge ice were observed in the active layer at five sites. These observations indicate the ice wedges are syngenetic and active, although without dating control, we cannot unequivocally dismiss the possibility that the wedges are epigenetic features that were truncated by a recent thaw unconformity. Muted relief above the ice wedges, which is uncommon above epigenetic ice wedges, was largely due to aggradation of the surface. Secondary ice wedges have not developed within the polygons, suggesting that climate variability has not led to polygon network development in this area. Wedge ice occupied only about 1.5% of the uppermost 1 m of permafrost, a much smaller volumetric proportion than in epigenetic settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".