Essential oil composition, antimicrobial potential, phytochemical profile and toxicity of essential oils and crude extracts of sweet basil prior and after flowering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Essential oils and crude extracts of sweet basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum - OT) which are mostly used to flavor and spice food were prepared and analyzed prior and after flowering by GC and subjected to in vitro antimicrobial and in vivo toxicity evaluation. The essential oil composition was found to vary considerably with respect to harvesting time (prior to flowering stage- eugenol- 17.7%, carvacrol- 27.1% and methyl-eugenol- 52.1%; as compared to flowering (caryophyllene- 9.26% and methyl-eugenol and comparatively smaller percentages of carvacrol and eugenol). Phytochemical screening of the plant samples from either season showed that the whole plants constituted of alkaloids, flavones, saponins, terpenes, sterols, tannins and triterpenes. The essential oils and crude extracts of plant parts of OT (leaves, twigs and/or inflorescence) in both stages showed marked antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and with no apparent toxicity in rats. The observed antimicrobial properties and non-toxic nature during both stages of flowering would tend to validate the medicinal properties of OT as a functional food.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".